Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) possess a unique capacity to convert near-infrared (NIR) light into higher-energy visible light. This phenomenon has inspired extensive investigation in diverse fields, including biomedical imaging, medicine, and optoelectronics. However, the probable toxicity of UCNPs raises substantial concerns that necessitate

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) compounds fabricated with titanium nodes have emerged as promising photocatalysts for a broad range of applications. These materials possess exceptional chemical properties, including high surface area, tunable band gaps, and good robustness. The special combination of these features makes titanium-based MOFs highly

Carbon nanotubes are remarkable mechanical strength and exceptional electrical conductivity, making them ideal for a wide range of applications. These versatile materials can be incorporated into composites to enhance their strength and durability, utilized in sensors for precise measurements, or even employed in advanced electronic devices. The un